2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-118894
    AB182
    AB-182 is an aziridine derivative and antitumor agent.AB-182 shows synergistic antitumor effects in conjunction with x-irradiation. Intermediate hydrolysis products of AB-182 may block the repair of x-irradiation-induced breaks in the DNA strands by phosphorylating their free 3'-OH end groups.
    AB182
  • HY-16311
    MB-7133
    		Inhibitor
    MB-7133 is a DNA synthesis inhibitor.
    MB-7133
  • HY-Y1055S2
    Guanine-13C5,15N5
    		Chemical
    Guanine-13C5,15N5 is 13C and 15N-labeled Guanine (HY-Y1055). Guanine (2-Aminohypoxanthine) is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds.
    Guanine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-135967
    MTH1-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    MTH1-IN-2 is a MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) inhibitor extracted from patent WO2016135138A1, Compound (6), MTH1-IN-2 can be used for the research of cancer. Anti-tumor activity.
    MTH1-IN-2
  • HY-14519CS
    (R)-Methotrexate-d3
    (R)-Methotrexate-d3 is the deuterium labeled (R)-Methotrexate.
    (R)-Methotrexate-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-10537
    Laromustine
    		Inhibitor
    Laromustine (VNP40101M) is a compound with antitumor activity. The mechanism of action of Laromustine mainly involves DNA alkylation and DNA repair inhibition. Laromustine can be used for bone marrow transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and cancer.
    Laromustine
  • HY-16516R
    Vitamin CK3 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Vitamin CK3 (Standard) is the combination of Vitamin C and vitamin K3 (100:1 ratio). Vitamin CK3 (Standard) can decrease MMP activity. Vitamin CK3 (Standard) can reactivate DNases and cause cell autophagy. Vitamin CK3 (Standard) can be used for the research of cancer, such as lung cancer.
    Vitamin CK3 (Standard)
  • HY-122099
    Riddelline
    		Inhibitor
    Riddelline, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is a potent genotoxic agent. Riddelline induces significant elevations in unscheduled DNA synthesis and S-phase synthesis in rat liver.
    Riddelline
  • HY-N1639
    1-Decarboxy-3-oxo-ceanothic acid
    		Inhibitor
    1-Decarboxy-3-oxo-ceanothic acid is an anticancer agent. 1-Decarboxy-3-oxo-ceanothic acid inhibits DNA synthesis. 1-Decarboxy-3-oxo-ceanothic acid induces Apoptosis.
    1-Decarboxy-3-oxo-ceanothic acid
  • HY-144371
    DHODH-IN-20
    DHODH-IN-20 (Compound 133) is a potent inhibitor of DHODH. DHODH is present in the inner membrane of human mitochondria and is an iron-containing flavin-dependent enzyme. DHODH-IN-20 inhibits tumor growth. DHODH-IN-20 has the potential for the research of acute myelogenous leukemia.
    DHODH-IN-20
  • HY-N0667S1
    L-Asparagine-15N2,d8
    L-Asparagine-15N2,d8 is the 15N- and deuterium labeled L-Asparagine (HY-N0667). L-Asparagine is an essential amino acid for leukemic cells and a substrate for L-Asparaginase. L-Asparaginase is a potent anti-leukemic enzyme that promotes asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) depletion and inhibits protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts. Removal of L-asparagine from plasma by L-Asparaginase results in inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and subsequent apoptosis. L-Asparaginase has cell-killing ability in vitro and in vivo, and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells with low asparagine synthetase (AASNS) expression. L-Asparagine can be used as a biomarker and sensor for the study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    L-Asparagine-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-125930A
    T-2513 hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    T-2513 hydrochloride is a selective topoisomerase I inhibitor. T-2513 hydrochloride binds covalently to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and inhibits DNA replication and RNA synthesis, ultimately leading to cell death.
    T-2513 hydrochloride
  • HY-178364
    GPX4-IN-19
    		Activator
    GPX4-IN-19 is an effective GPX4 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.311 μM), covalently binds to the Sec 46 site of GPX4. GPX4-IN-19 shows strong anti-proliferative activity with high ferroptosis selectivity. GPX4-IN-19 causes intracellular Fe²⁺ accumulation, leading to increased levels of lipid peroxides (LPOs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces ferroptosis and subsequently results in DNA damage. GPX4-IN-19 can be used for the study of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).
    GPX4-IN-19
  • HY-W740364
    3'-Deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine-d3
    3'-Deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Alovudine (HY-B1516). Alovudine (3'-Fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine) is a mtDNA synthesis inhibitor and a marker of DNA synthesis. Alovudine is less susceptible to inflammatory changes than 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and thus is a better biomarker in pancreatic cancer. Alovudine shows anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-leukemic activity.
    3'-Deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-148231
    Dideoxy-amanitin
    		Inhibitor
    Dideoxy-amanitin (compound 2), an α-Amanitin (HY-19610) derivative, is a potent and selective RNA polymerase II allosteric inhibitor with an IC50 value of 74.2 nM.
    Dideoxy-amanitin
  • HY-179249
    Fluoroneplanocin A-8N
    		Inhibitor
    Fluoroneplanocin A-8N (Compound 3a) is an inhibitor targeting SAH hydrolase (IC50 = 1.51 μM) and viral RNA polymerase. Fluoroneplanocin A-8N exhibits broad-spectrum anti-SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus activity, with EC50 values of 12.2 and 37.4 μM respectively. Fluoroneplanocin A-8N has no cytotoxicity. Fluoroneplanocin A-8N can be used for anti-positive-strand viruses.
    Fluoroneplanocin A-8N
  • HY-174849
    TdT-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    TdT-IN-1 (Compound 8c) is a selective and non-nucleoside terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) inhibitor with IC50 s of 0.11 and 0.19 μM for Mg2+ and Mn2+. TdT-IN-1 can be used for leukaemias and skin cancer research.
    TdT-IN-1
  • HY-P3187B
    exo-β-1,4-xylosidase, Bacteroides ovatus
    exo-β-1,4-xylosidase, Bacteroides ovatus (EC.3.2.1.37) is an exonuclease that specifically acts on the β-1,4 glycosidic bonds at the non-reducing ends of xylan and xylooligosaccharides. exo-β-1,4-xylosidase is Ca2+-dependent and reversibly binds to metal ions to catalyze the hydrolysis of β-1,4 glycosidic bonds, thereby degrading xylan to produce xylose. exo-β-1,4-xylosidase can be used in research fields such as lignocellulose bioconversion, bioethanol production, and optimization of xylan saccharification processes.
    exo-β-1,4-xylosidase, Bacteroides ovatus
  • HY-172962
    DNA Gyrase-IN-17
    		Inhibitor
    DNA Gyrase-IN-17 (Compound 5C) is a DNA Gyrase inhibitor. DNA Gyrase-IN-17 exhibits significant antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains (such as Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.), with a MIC value of 62.5 μg/mL. DNA Gyrase-IN-17 interferes with DNA replication by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase. DNA Gyrase-IN-17 can be used in the development of antibacterial drugs, especially for the study of drug-resistant strains.
    DNA Gyrase-IN-17
  • HY-136648S3
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate-d14 dilithium
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate-d14 (dATP-d14) dilithium is deuterium labeled 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (HY-136648). 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a nucleotide used in cells for DNA synthesis (or replication), as a substrate of DNA polymerase.
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate-d<sub>14</sub> dilithium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity